Which surgical procedure is performed as a method to prevent conception?

The surgical procedure that is specifically performed to prevent conception is tubal ligation. This procedure involves surgically occluding or cutting the fallopian tubes in women, which prevents sperm from reaching the egg, thus significantly reducing the chance of pregnancy. Tubal ligation is a permanent form of contraception and is often chosen by women who are certain they do not want to conceive in the future.

In contrast, a hysterectomy involves the surgical removal of the uterus, which also results in infertility, but it is typically performed for medical reasons, such as chronic pain or cancer, rather than solely for sterilization purposes. A vasectomy is a similar procedure for men, where the vas deferens are cut or sealed to prevent sperm from entering the ejaculate; while this is also a method of permanent contraception, it is not the correct answer in this context, which specifically asks for a surgical procedure typically performed on women. Lastly, a contraceptive implant is a reversible contraceptive method involving hormonal release, but it does not involve surgery in the same way as the other procedures mentioned.