Which of the following terms describes an abnormal lateral curvature of a patient's spine?

Scoliosis is characterized by an abnormal lateral curvature of the spine, which can vary in severity and is typically diagnosed in adolescents but can occur in individuals of all ages. This condition can lead to discomfort and can affect posture and the overall balance of the body. It is often identified during routine physical exams or through imaging studies and can be managed with various treatment options depending on the degree of curvature.

Kyphosis refers to an excessive outward curvature of the spine, usually in the thoracic region, creating a hunchback appearance. Lordosis describes an exaggerated inward curvature, commonly occurring in the lumbar region, often referred to as swayback. Spondylosis is a general term for age-related wear and tear on the spinal discs, which may lead to pain but does not inherently describe a curvature.